At what percentage is social security taxed

IRS Tax Tip 2022-22, February 9, 2022

A new tax season has arrived. The IRS reminds taxpayers receiving Social Security benefits that they may have to pay federal income tax on a portion of those benefits.

Social Security benefits include monthly retirement, survivor and disability benefits. They don't include supplemental security income payments, which aren't taxable.

The portion of benefits that are taxable depends on the taxpayer's income and filing status.

To determine if their benefits are taxable, taxpayers should take half of the Social Security money they collected during the year and add it to their other income. Other income includes pensions, wages, interest, dividends and capital gains.

• If they are single and that total comes to more than $25,000, then part of their Social Security benefits may be taxable.
• If they are married filing jointly, they should take half of their Social Security, plus half of their spouse's Social Security, and add that to all their combined income. If that total is more than $32,000, then part of their Social Security may be taxable.

Fifty percent of a taxpayer's benefits may be taxable if they are:

• Filing single, head of household or qualifying widow or widower with $25,000 to $34,000 income.
• Married filing separately and lived apart from their spouse for all of 2020 with $25,000 to $34,000 income.
• Married filing jointly with $32,000 to $44,000 income.

Up to 85% of a taxpayer's benefits may be taxable if they are:

• Filing single, head of household or qualifying widow or widower with more than $34,000 income.
• Married filing jointly with more than $44,000 income.
• Married filing separately and lived apart from their spouse for all of 2021 with more than $34,000 income.
• Married filing separately and lived with their spouse at any time during 2021.

More information:

• Social Security Income
• Are My Social Security or Railroad Retirement Tier I Benefits Taxable?
• Publication 915, Social Security and Equivalent Railroad Retirement Benefits

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Up to 50% or even 85% of your Social security benefits are taxable if your “provisional” or total income, as defined by tax law, is above a certain base amount. Your Social Security income may not be taxable at all if your total income is below the base amount.

If you’re married and filing jointly with your spouse, your combined incomes and social security benefits are used to figure your total income.

When Is Social Security Income Taxable?

To determine when Social Security income is taxable, you’ll first need to calculate your total income. Generally, the formula for total income for this purpose is: your adjusted gross income, including any nontaxable interest, plus half of your Social Security benefits.

If you’re married and filing jointly with your spouse, your combined incomes and social security benefits are used to figure your total income.

Then you’ll compare your total income with the base amounts for your filing status to find out how much of your Social Security income is taxable, if any.

You’ll see that you fall into one of three categories. If your total income is:

• Below the base amount, your Social Security benefits are not taxable.
• Between the base and maximum amount, your Social Security income is taxable up to 50%.
• Above the maximum amount, your Social Security benefits are taxable up to 85%.

How Much of Your Social Security Income is Taxable?

Review the list below to determine where your total income falls and how much of your Social Security income is taxable. For:

• Single, Head of Household or Qualifying Widow(er), the base amount is $25,000 and the maximum is $34,000.
• Married filing jointly, the base amount is $32,000 and the maximum is $44,000.
• Married filing separately, the base amount is $0 and the maximum is $0. (Note: married filing separate filers who lived apart the entire tax year use the same base and maximum amounts as single filers.)

Are All Kinds of Social Security Income Taxable?

All social security benefits are taxable in the same way. This is true whether they’re retirement, survivors, or disability benefits. Take note that Social Security benefits paid to a child under his or her Social Security number (SSN) could be potentially taxable to the child, not the parent. Note: Supplemental Security Income, or SSI, is a non-taxable needs-based federal benefit. It is not part of Social Security benefits and does not figure into the taxable benefit formula.

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